Petri Net–Based Analysis of UAV Networks Availability Issues in Conditions of Adversary Counteraction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/tacs.2664-29132025.3.346322Abstract
The article proposes Petri net-based models that make it possible to simulate scenarios that reflect the real operating conditions of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the presence of hostile factors. The modeling takes into account cyber-physical aspects of UAV availability and attacks aimed at disrupting this availability, including by means of enemy electronic warfare (EW) systems. The factor of natural obstacles is also considered, in particular terrain-induced obstacles that interfere with communication between operational UAVs and the relay node.
A set of basic places and transitions is proposed and implemented as a software model. The study uses both ordinary and colored Petri nets. In the ordinary Petri net, the state corresponds to the signal level of the device, and the simulation is carried out to track precisely this characteristic for each UAV in the network. Interference leads to degradation of the state, which can be improved by introducing additional relay devices into the line of sight of the current UAV, reducing the distance between the current UAV and the relay, or deliberately searching for an exit from the EW coverage area.
The colored Petri net is intended for more general tasks, which include counting the active devices in the network, assessing the impact of interference on changes in the network structure, and evaluating mission success. Simulation based on this model was implemented in a Python software application, with visualization performed using the graph-oriented library Graphviz. To account for specific conditions such as terrain and changes in device parameters, an additional module was developed that extracts data from open terrain map datasets.
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